10/10/2022
🔶What is a Solid-state Battery?🔶🧐
A solid-state battery is a battery technology that uses solid electrodes and a solid electrolyte, instead of the liquid or polymer gel electrolytes found in lithium-ion or lithium polymer batteries.
Although solid electrolytes were first discovered in the 19th century, several drawbacks have prevented widespread application. Developments in the late 20th and early 21st century have caused renewed interest in solid-state battery technologies, especially in the context of electric vehicles, starting in the 2010s.
🔶Difference🔶🧐
The main difference between solid-state batteries and lithium-ion batteries is electrolyte. Lithium-ion batteries use liquid electrolytes, which cause problems with weight, safety and lifespan.
Due to the low energy of a single battery, multiple batteries must be connected in series, which further increases the weight. Being unstable and flammable at high temperatures, the liquid electrolyte potentially causes fires in car accidents. It is also prone to freezing at low temperatures, reducing cruising ability. In addition, the electrolyte will corrode the internal components of the battery, and the process of charging and discharging will also generate dendrites, reducing the capacity, performance and life of the battery.
However, solid-state batteries use solid electrolyte with high energy density. Although the battery structure and charging method are the same as traditional lithium batteries, there is no liquid inside the solid-state battery, the internal energy density is higher, and the volume is smaller. Solid-state batteries are lighter in weight. Not only do they not require the monitoring, cooling and thermal insulation systems of lithium-ion batteries, but the chassis also can free up more space for batteries, which greatly increases the cruising ability of electric vehicles.
