SM Corp.

11/01/2023

AI vs. Lawyers: The Battle for Legal Supremacy

In 2018, a machine-learning AI was pitted against 20 human lawyers to see how it would fare going over contract law. Each lawyer and the LawGeex AI were given five nondisclosure agreements to review for risks. The humans were given four hours to study the contracts.

The lawyers took an average of 92 minutes to complete the task and achieved a mean accuracy level of 85 percent. The AI took only 26 seconds to review all five contracts and was 94-percent accurate. The AI tied with the highest scoring lawyer in the group in terms of accuracy.

To be clear, these were not first-year grad students or even freshly minted lawyers with no experience. The group was comprised of law firm associates, sole practitioners, in-house lawyers, and General Counsel. They worked at firms such as Goldman Sachs, Cisco, Alston & Bird, and K&L Gates. All of them had extensive experience reviewing contracts with these companies.

That was in 2018.

In February 2023, a robot is set to advise a defendant in US court for the first time in history, according to New Scientist.

DoNotPay, a company, has created an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm that will advise a defendant (an individual sued in a court of law) on what to say in court through an earpiece. The AI will run on a smartphone in the defendant's pocket and will be activated during a hearing for a speeding charge offence. After listening to the plaintiff, the AI will advise the defense on what to say and how to respond. To maintain secrecy, the defendant will wear AirPods to the hearing, allowing them to receive the AI's advice without anyone in the courtroom knowing.

DoNotPay is so confident of its algorithm that it has promised to cover any fines or fees incurred by the defendant if the AI fails to perform well in court.

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The future is interesting.

09/01/2023

Artificial intelligence will become more prevalent in 2023 with natural language processing and machine learning advancement. Artificial intelligence can better understand us and perform more complex tasks using this technology. It is estimated that 5G will revolutionize the way we live and work in the future.

What does this mean for you? It means staying current with emerging technologies and latest technology trends. And it means keeping your eyes on the future to know which skills you’ll need to know to secure a safe job tomorrow and even learn how to get there. All bows to the worldwide pandemic, most of the global IT population is sitting back, working from home. And if you wish to make the most of your time at home, here are the top 18 emerging technology trends you should watch for and make an attempt at in 2023, and possibly secure one of the jobs that will be created by these new technology trends, that includes:

Computing Power

Smarter Devices

Datafication

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

Extended Reality

Digital Trust

3D Printing

Genomics

New Energy Solutions

Robotic Process Automation (RPA)

Edge Computing

Quantum Computing

Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality

Blockchain

Internet of Things (IoT)

5G

Cyber Security

23/10/2018

8 Tech Trends to Keep Your Eye on in 20181.
1. Blockchain

By now, you have probably heard a thing or two about the promise of blockchain and Bitcoin. At a high level, blockchain technology is a way of securely managing access and information. The core of blockchain hinges on the idea of decentralization, which essentially distributes power and risk equitably across players in a network.

Blockchain startups are finding niche and clever ways to optimize industries, by replacing intermediary parties (brokers, agents, etc.) with smart contracts that automatically verify actions without compromising data security. Platforms like Gameflip and Filecoin are able to solve fundamental marketplace challenges, worth billions of dollars, which have been terrorizing ecosystems for decades.

Other companies, like SparkleCoin, are driving blockchain adoption at scale by empowering everyday consumers to purchase real-world products and services from the world's largest online retailers using cryptocurrencies.

2. Internet of things

BI Intelligence's report on the "internet of things" notes that nearly $6 trillion will be spent on IoT solutions in the next five years alone. This deluge of investment has turned this once science-fictional notion into reality.

Already, many of us wake up in our "smart beds" to a Bluetooth-connected alarm clock that communicates with our wifi-enabled speakers. Soon all of our devices -- microwaves, washing machines and even bird feeders -- will be connected to the web. With geospatial data from all of our devices, tech-savvy companies will be able to optimize and automate systems, eradicating inefficiencies caused by human error.

3. Virtual reality

Is 2018 the long-awaited year that virtual reality goes mainstream? While the technology is still evolving, and while players like Oculus and HTC continue to iterate on their consoles, things look promising for the industry as VR platforms begin to appeal to the masses.

Related: Technology Trends That Will Shape 2017 and Boost Your Company's UX

One of the biggest obstacles to virtual reality achieving true scale is the creation of enough content to attract a wide swath of consumers. As the industry has learned, onboarding hard-core gamers will not be enough to sustain a long-term effort.

Beyond gaming, there a number of virtual-reality startups that are building high-value-add services specifically for enterprises.

4. Augmented reality

The rise of Pokémon in 2016 was just the first of many implementations of augmented reality that will make a massive impact on society. Apple and Google recently introduced both ARKit and ARCore and are driving an inflection point for the industry. As hardware and software continue to improve, we can expect to see more developers building AR applications in 2018.

It's not just startups looking to get in on the action. In fact, it is likely that many of the world's biggest brands will invest their resources into creating augmented-reality experiences to enhance their users' experiences both inside and outside of their stores.

5. Chatbots

Enterprise applications of messaging bots seem poised to have a tangible impact on the software space, as more companies invest in developing their own consumer-facing bots. Chatbots, at the most simplistic level, are front-end interfaces for companies to communicate with their customers. More advanced bots leverage artificial intelligence to provide enriching and interactive user experiences.

Companies can embed these bots on their home pages, or they can rely on native platforms like Facebook and Slack for distribution. Expect to see companies across all industries, including hospitality, dining and travel, create bots for customer support, sales and marketing services.

6. Subscription model

The days of "pay-per-use" costing are long gone, and are likely not coming back anytime soon, as most companies are switching to recurring revenue models. Already, you can order your clothing, groceries and cleaning supplies to be delivered directly to your doorstep on a weekly or monthly basis.

And the model is being applied more widely than just to physical goods: Most internet companies are operating under a "software as a service" model, where you pay a monthly fee on a recurring cycle for a service.

We can expect to see startups expand their subscription businesses into more verticals, and to start specializing.

7. Ecommerce

Next year, 2018, may finally be the year ecommerce overtakes retail once and for all. In a report on online retail, Forrester stated that 83 percent of U.S. adults purchased something on Amazon this past year. As this number grows, and digital storefronts become a more convenient and attractive option for consumers, we can expect to see ecommerce begin to take bigger slices of the retail pie.

It will be interesting to see which incumbents are able to establish a large enough digital presence to protect themselves from this disruption.

8. Automation

Artificial intelligence and machines will soon become ubiquitous in the professional world. From virtual assistants, to manual labor,to intermediary services, many jobs will likely be disrupted in the coming years. Though humans are indispensable in certain fields, there are many points of optimization that we can fully automate with embedded technology.

Related: 9 Key Mobile Technology Trends for 2017 (Infographic)

Machine intelligence has the potential to fundamentally shift worker demand and displace millions of jobs. Where will everyone go when machines can do our work for us? This question, among others, will be important considerations getting our rapt attention in 2018.

25/09/2018

What your cell phone camera tells you about your brain
Research unites cognitive science and information theory
Summary:
Your brain is structured to make the best possible decision given its limited resources, according to new research that unites cognitive science and information theory -- the branch of mathematics that underlies modern communications technology.
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FULL STORY
Driving down a dark country road at night, you see a shape ahead on the roadside. Is it a deer or a mailbox? Your brain is structured to make the best possible decision given its limited resources, according to new research that unites cognitive science and information theory -- the branch of mathematics that underlies modern communications technology.

The finding, which was published in the journal Science, is an outgrowth of National Science Foundation-supported research into improving pedagogy in STEM fields, which often rely heavily on perceptual abilities and perceptual expertise, said Chris Sims, a Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute assistant professor of cognitive science.

"Take for example geology, where students have to learn to differentiate between rocks or geologic formations that may have a highly similar appearance," said Sims. "The way it's typically done is through repetition -- you look at lots of rocks until it sinks in. But understanding how the brain works can help us build better classroom training exercises that teach those abilities more efficiently."

A canonical law of cognitive science -- the Universal Law of Generalization, introduced in a 1987 article also published in Science -- tells us that your brain makes perceptual decisions based on how similar the new stimulus is to previous experience. Specifically, the law states that the probability you will extend a past experience to new stimulus depends on the similarity between the two experiences, with an exponential decay in probability as similarity decreases. This empirical pattern has proven correct in hundreds of experiments across species including humans, pigeons, and even honeybees.

"This is a fundamental equation that is universal in nature, and it's held up very well," said Sims. "But while the law describes the empirical pattern, it doesn't adequately explain why this pattern should appear in nature. And that's what I set out to do."

In his research, Sims turned to information theory, a branch of mathematics founded at Bell Labs in the 1940s that makes it possible to predict the best possible performance of a communication system given the limits of the system. For example, information theory makes it possible to predict the best possible voice accuracy that a telephone wire could transmit given a specific level of noise in the signal.

Building on the evident parallels between noisy telephone wires and noisy neurons, Sims has been using information theory to understand the biological communication systems of perception and memory.

"The idea is that visual perception is a communication channel: there is information in the world, and you need to transmit that information from your eyes to your brain," said Sims.

Just as there are limits on a mechanical system like a telephone line, there are limits on a biological system, and Sims looked to information theory to describe and predict the optimal performance that could be achieved from the human visual system.

And that led to a serendipitous connection between the Universal Law of Generalization long studied in cognitive science, and the mathematical framework of information theory.

When Sims described the visual system using the information theory framework, he found that a well-known aspect of information theory known as efficient coding predicted the same exponential generalization gradient as that predicted by the Universal Law of Generalization. His work connected the dots between two foundational laws within disparate fields, and suggests that evolution has given us a perceptual system that approaches the optimum predicted by the mathematical laws of information theory.

"I set out to explain why this pattern appears in nature, and the answer according to information theory is that nature has given us perceptual systems that are as efficient as possible, given the constraints and limits they have to work with. It's a simple explanation for why this pattern exists everywhere and that's promising."

The finding might be used to help develop more accurate measurement of perceptual expertise and progression, but Sims said at heart, he's pleased to have advanced the foundational science.

"I'm excited that now we have mathematical laws we can use to better describe and understand information processing in the brain, and the nature of intelligence in general," said Sims

07/08/2018

100 “Original” Ideas For A Website Theme:

After you browse through this list, I’ll have some helpful links for you at the bottom. But the first thing to do is have an idea.

Personal Blog: Write about anything and everything in your life, for fun.
Your Own Company Website: Create a website for your small business and promote it through social media.
How-To-Do-Something website: Where you show people how to do something through a blog, like how to code a website.
Review site: Dedicate your blog on reviewing things, and become an Amazon affiliate to get paid while doing it!
Adventure blog: Where you document all your adventures of hot air ballooning, sky-diving and surfing. Buy a Go-Pro Camera.
Niche Site: Choose a focused topic and only write about that everyday. This is what this site is!
Online Portfolio: Of your illustrations, designs, or other unique talent(s).
Game Development Blog: Create a blog on making games and the development process. Get followers and loyal fans.
Painting / Art website: Sell your paintings on your own website that’s connected to Paypal. Sell digital copies for cheap.
Frugal Website: How to save money as a college student, single mom or just show others how you can get rich by not buying anything.
Time-lapse Drawing website: Video time-lapse of you drawing a character with upbeat music. Sell your Artwork.
Video Game Website: Upload videos of your screen while you play your favorite game and gather a following on your YouTube / website.
Dream Interpretation Website: Create a site and let others submit their dreams, so that you can interpret them. Start a journal yourself.
Dancing site: Talk about dancing on your blog and have photos, videos and tutorials on how to dance.
Ask A Question Blog: Allow people to ask you anything, and answer them back.
Weight Loss blog: Document yourself losing weight and record everything that you do. Make a difference.
Scrap booking website: Show off your scrap booking skills on your own blog and teach others how to do the same!
Wedding Couples Site: Dedicate a site on you and your loved one with photos and sweet momentos.
Spin Online Class: Where you encourage others to spin with you while they watch your pre-recorded videos!
“Best of” Website: Write about the best of everything.
Playing Cards Collection Site: Dedicate a website on buying, selling and trading your favorite cards, whether it’s Magic: The gathering or Baseball cards from the 80’s.
Career Guides: Be a guru and teach others how to be a professional in a field! Hint: Sell an eBook.
Educational Sites For Kids: Create an E-Learning site for kids.
Infographic Website: Create unique and useful digital infographs and post as a blog post.
Singing Lessons website: Setup a singing your heart out website and offer singing lessons to your loyal fans.
Polls and Surveys Website: Create a site with surveys and polls to learn about others.
Cheat Sheet Blog: Teach people how to pass something, like an exam.
Walk w/Me website: Start a Walk with me site where you log your walking routes, and ask others to do the same.
Product and Services Comparison Site: Talk about and compare two similar products or services. And get companies to pay you to review them!
Resource List Site: Create a site full of resources to other things. Gain massive traffic and rank high in search engines.
Origami Website: Where you show step-by-step photos of your process. Sell an eBook on Origami making!
Company History Site: Talk about the history of companies and how they came to be.
Troubleshooting Site: Pick a subject and become an expert at that, helping others trouble shoot their issues.
Fashion Blog: Write about popular fashion styles and tips, and upload videos showing it off.
MMA forum: Create a WordPress powered forum about MMA and invite friends to join in on the conversation!
Poems Website: Write your original and compelling poems online, and share with others your passions.
Personal Music Website: Start spreading the word about your musical talents and show off your mad skills!
Donation website: Make up an interesting story and ask people to donate.
Experimental Site: Create a website where you use yourself as a human experiment, and then document it all.
MLM Website: Become an MLM guru and recruit others online, via marketing funnel.
Play The Guitar Site: Make videos and teach others how to play the guitar.
Get Rich Quick Site: Where you try to get money from people. I’m sure it works.
Stamp collecting website: Show off images of old and antique stamps.
What Would You Do Website: Where you create hypothetical situations and ask readers, what would they do?
Roadkill Site: Take pics of roadkill and upload them to your site. People will love it or hate it.
Celebrity Site: Dedicate a blog on a certain celebrity and stalk them online. Follow their every move and blog about it. Gain many followers.
Politics Website: Create a site on your political views.
Zorbing website: Teach others the art of zorbing and upload funny videos.
You Deserve It Website: Create a site where others can tell stories about getting revenge.
Retro Website: Create a retro site with scrolling marquees, snowflakes falling and mouse trails.
Food Diaries Site: Eat food, video tape, review and do it again.
New Ideas Blog: About creative ideas that others can suggest and comment.
Learn a Foreign Language Website: Learn how to speak a new language and write about it! Show others your struggles, what helps you and your learning process.
Self-Help blog: Encourage and motivate others with a self-help blog.
Top 100 Blog: Create a blog dedicated to the top 100 of a certain subject(s).
Please Don’t Hack My Site Blog: Create a site asking hackers to not hack it.
Fishing site: Tips and tricks on how to fish in your area, and upload viral videos of you fishing.
Save The World Blog: Write about saving the world and world peace.
Catfish Blog: Pretend you’re a young attractive lady but then when some guy comes to meet you, you’re actually an older mom.
Cat Lovers Website: Blog about cats and share funny photos on your website. Try cats licking each other.
Compilation Blog: Create a site that compiles everything of a certain niche. It could be videos, photos and sound clips.
Long-Distance Site: Tips and tricks on keeping a relationship fresh even at long distances.
Hiking blog: Capture the excitement of hiking and back-packing in a non-edited video blog, while you’re on the go!
Hash Tag Website: Create a site where you make everything a hashtag, and probably get Penguined by Google.
Meme Site: Collect images of memes and post it on your blog.
Dating Tips Website: Give tips on dating and how to meet people online and in the real world! I’ve personally tried this, it’s fun.
Online Marketing Blog: Make a site and teach others to be successful with internet marketing. You probably want to be successful yourself, first.
FanFiction Blog: Write made-up stories of your favorite movies and books.
Paint-balling website: Put a Go-Pro on your head and record videos of you paint-balling. Upload to YouTube and embed on your own website.
Split Personality Blog: Write as if you were someone else, and gain a fan base!
Research Blog: Do major research on a certain subject and go in depth on the situation.
Am I Cute Blog: Post pics of yourself and ask people to rate you.
White Water Rafting Photo Album: Create a fun picture blog on your white water adventure rafting and create a Facebook fanpage.
It’s a Long Story Blog: Write a novel and post it as a series or chapters in your personal blog.
Photo Bombing Blog: Take pics of you photo bombing and blog about it.
Stop Motion Blog: Dedicate a blog on stop motion photography, and objects dancing to Gangnam Style.
How to Gain Weight: A reverse site about gaining weight and helping others do the same.
Gold Digger Website: Make a site about how to gold dig, and mislead the opposite s*x and get rich.
Cake Pop Site: Make cake pop designs and sell your cook-book online.
The Ex Page: Dedicate a site on your ex lover, and blog about all the messed up things they’ve done. At your discretion.
Church Website: Create a community online for fellow church goers, if they don’t already have a site.
Copycat website: I had to throw this in – copy another website’s idea and make it your own (I don’t mean literally copying content because you will get in trouble for that!).
Dinner-tainment Blog: Become a dinner making machine and upload pics on your new creations!
Confessions Forum: Create a WordPress powered forum that allows users to make confessions online, and have others respond.
Highly Debatable Website: Create a site that always takes the other side, and play the devil’s advocate.
Color Blind website: A site that tests your color blindness.
Advertisement Site: Sell space on your site just to advertise. I don’t suggest this though, by itself.
Meditation website: Where you have your own meditation podcast and a blog on tips to a better mind.
The Nothing Website: Make a site about nothing and just leave it blank.
Choose your destiny Blog: Create a blog where you give the reader different paths at the end of each page. A different outcome every time they play and read!
News Website: Capture the latest news first, and share with social media sites! Gain traffic and become a journalist on your own.
Star Gazing Website: Offer your galactic advice on the stars and universe through photos and a blog.
Quotes Website: Create original and inspirational quotes, and share on social media networks.
Family Tree Site: Make your family tree and share with your whole family.
Holiday Website: Create a site for all the holidays and sell eCards during those seasons.
Long Bow Tips: Make a site dedicated to how to use a long bow, shooting techniques and video tutorials.
Zombie Website: All about Zombies; Zombie shows, movies, books and podcasts. Reviews and quizzes.
Sports Blog: All about your favorite things about sports.
Online Web Store: Why not sell something or a service you provide?
And finally, create a website on making a website! Like this website. It’s fun, and you can learn as you go. Plus you can link back to me or write a guest post here to link back to your own website about making websites!
Funny Clips Website(By AyeshaMalik): How about a site with your favorite vine, instagram, YouTube or original funny

07/08/2018

NEW WAY OF REDUCING POWER CONSUMPTION OF COMPUTERS

A new way of arranging advanced computer components called memristors on a chip could enable them to be used for general computing, which could cut energy consumption by a factor of 100.

This is the memristor array situated on a circuit board.
Credit: Mohammed Zidan, Nanoelectronics group, University of Michigan.
A new way of arranging advanced computer components called memristors on a chip could enable them to be used for general computing, which could cut energy consumption by a factor of 100.

This would improve performance in low power environments such as smartphones or make for more efficient supercomputers, says a University of Michigan researcher.

"Historically, the semiconductor industry has improved performance by making devices faster. But although the processors and memories are very fast, they can't be efficient because they have to wait for data to come in and out," said Wei Lu, U-M professor of electrical and computer engineering and co-founder of memristor startup Crossbar Inc.

Memristors might be the answer. Named as a portmanteau of memory and resistor, they can be programmed to have different resistance states -- meaning they store information as resistance levels. These circuit elements enable memory and processing in the same device, cutting out the data transfer bottleneck experienced by conventional computers in which the memory is separate from the processor.

However, unlike ordinary bits, which are 1 or 0, memristors can have resistances that are on a continuum. Some applications, such as computing that mimics the brain (neuromorphic), take advantage of the analog nature of memristors. But for ordinary computing, trying to differentiate among small variations in the current passing through a memristor device is not precise enough for numerical calculations.

Lu and his colleagues got around this problem by digitizing the current outputs -- defining current ranges as specific bit values (i.e., 0 or 1). The team was also able to map large mathematical problems into smaller blocks within the array, improving the efficiency and flexibility of the system.

Computers with these new blocks, which the researchers call "memory-processing units," could be particularly useful for implementing machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms. They are also well suited to tasks that are based on matrix operations, such as simulations used for weather prediction. The simplest mathematical matrices, akin to tables with rows and columns of numbers, can map directly onto the grid of memristors.

Once the memristors are set to represent the numbers, operations that multiply and sum the rows and columns can be taken care of simultaneously, with a set of voltage pulses along the rows. The current measured at the end of each column contains the answers. A typical processor, in contrast, would have to read the value from each cell of the matrix, perform multiplication, and then sum up each column in series.

"We get the multiplication and addition in one step. It's taken care of through physical laws. We don't need to manually multiply and sum in a processor," Lu said.

His team chose to solve partial differential equations as a test for a 32x32 memristor array -- which Lu imagines as just one block of a future system. These equations, including those behind weather forecasting, underpin many problems science and engineering but are very challenging to solve. The difficulty comes from the complicated forms and multiple variables needed to model physical phenomena.

When solving partial differential equations exactly is impossible, solving them approximately can require supercomputers. These problems often involve very large matrices of data, so the memory-processor communication bottleneck is neatly solved with a memristor array. The equations Lu's team used in their demonstration simulated a plasma reactor, such as those used for integrated circuit fabrication

23/07/2018

23/07/2018

Eight Trends Driving the Future of Information Technology
Data Privacy Individual privacy will take center stage as a result of increased government regulation and policy enforcement. The report concludes: “We expect that leading players will develop superior levels of understanding, enterprise-wide, about the distinctions between being a data processor – broadly handling the personal data of others – versus being a data controller, thus lowering the risks of unwitting breaches or privacy regulations and perceptions of privacy breakdowns.”

23/07/2018

23/07/2018

Hmmmm