16/06/2026
Iron (Fe): As the backbone of modern civilization, iron is a chemical element with atomic number 26. It is a lustrous, silvery-soft metal that is chemically active. Pure iron is relatively soft and prone to oxidation (rusting) when exposed to oxygen and moisture. It is the primary component of steel.
Steel: This is not an element but an alloy primarily composed of iron, with a small percentage of carbon (usually between 0.02% and 2.1%). The addition of carbon significantly increases the metal's strength and fracture resistance compared to pure iron. Depending on the desired properties, other elements like chromium, nickel, or manganese are often added to create specific grades, such as stainless steel.
Copper (Cu): Known for its reddish-orange luster, copper is highly conductive of both electricity and heat. It is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal. Because of its excellent electrical conductivity, it is extensively used in electrical wiring, electronics, and plumbing components.
Mercury (Hg): Unique among these elements, mercury is a heavy, silvery d-block element that is liquid at standard temperature and pressure. It is a poor conductor of heat compared to other metals but a fair conductor of electricity. Because of its toxicity and environmental impact, its use in modern industry and consumer products has been significantly reduced and strictly regulated.