12/17/2025
Most buyers walk through a home looking at countertops and paint colors.
Smart buyers look at the stuff that actually costs money.
Here’s my checklist:
1. The water heater. Look at the label on the tank. Find the manufacture date. Water heaters last 10-12 years. If it’s older, that’s $1,500-3,000 coming out of your pocket soon. Use it in negotiations.
2. The electrical panel. Open it up or ask to see inside. If you see Federal Pacific, Zinsco, or fuses instead of breakers, budget $2,500-4,500 for an upgrade. Some insurance companies won’t even cover these panels.
3. Ceiling stains. Look up. Brown or yellow stains mean water. Could be a roof leak. Could be plumbing. Either way, you’re looking at $3,000-15,000 depending on the source. Ask when it happened and if it was fixed.
4. The HVAC unit. Find the manufacture date on the unit outside. HVAC systems last 15-20 years. Replacement runs $8,000-15,000. If it’s on borrowed time, negotiate a credit or home warranty.
5. The windows. Single pane or double pane? Foggy between the glass means the seal is broken. Full window replacement runs $15,000-30,000 for an average home. Even replacing a few adds up fast.
6. Foundation cracks. Check the basement or crawl space. Hairline cracks are normal. Horizontal cracks or stair-step patterns in brick? That’s structural. Repairs range from $5,000-25,000 depending on severity.
7. The sewer line. You can’t see it but you can ask about it. Homes built before 1980 often have clay or cast iron pipes that deteriorate. A sewer scope costs $250-400 and can save you from a $10,000-20,000 nightmare.
8. Water pressure. Turn on the shower and flush the toilet at the same time. Weak pressure could mean galvanized pipes that need replacing. Budget $8,000-15,000 for a repipe.
9. Grading around the foundation. Walk the exterior. The ground should slope away from the house. If it slopes toward it, water is getting in somewhere. Drainage fixes run $2,000-8,000.
Every single one of these is leverage at the negotiating table.
The pretty stuff is easy to see. The expensive stuff is hiding in plain sight. đźŹ
Save this list for when you go view a house.